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Municipalities brief information
Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, Chongqing |
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Beijing
Beijing is a municipality directly under the Central Government and the capital of the PRC. It is not only the nation’s political center, but also its cultural, scientific and educational center, and a key transportation hub. Situated on the north edge of the North China Plain, it is sheltered by chains of mountains to the west, north and east. Its southeastern part is a plain. Beijing’s temperate continental climate produces four clearly contrasted seasons: a short spring, rainy and humid summer, long and cold winter, and a very pleasant autumn.
Since it became the nation’s capital, in 1949, especially since the 1980s, the rapid urban development of Beijing has brought tremendous changes to the city’s appearance. While preserving its features as an ancient capital, Beijing today is truly a modern international city.
Shanghai
Shanghai, a municipality directly under the Central Government, is China’s largest city and an economic, banking and trade center. Shanghai is halfway down China’s mainland coastline where the Yangtze River empties into the sea. As an important comprehensive industrial base and harbor, Shanghai plays an essential role in the national economy. Major industries include metallurgy, machine-building, shipbuilding, chemicals, electronics, meters, textiles and other light industries, in addition to its highly developed commerce, banking and ocean shipping industry. The Pudong New Zone, separated from the old city by the Huangpu River, has undergone vigorous development and construction intended to make it a modern, multi-functional, export-oriented district on a par with the world’s best.
Tianjin
Another municipality directly under the Central Government, Tianjin is a major industrial and commercial city in north China. About 120 km from Beijing, Tianjin is an important port for ocean and offshore shipping, and foreign trade. Tianjin’s traditional industries include iron and steel, machine-building, chemicals, electric power, textiles, construction materials, paper-making and foodstuffs, plus some emergent industries such as shipbuilding, automobile manufacturing, petroleum exploitation and processing, and the production of tractors, chemical fertilizers, pesticides, watches, TVs and cameras.
Chongqing
Also a municipality directly under the Central Government, Chongqing is the largest industrial and commercial center in southwest China, and a hub of land and water transportation in the upper Yangtze valley. Chongqing is a comprehensive industrial city, with advanced iron and steel, chemicals, electric power, automobile manufacturing, machine-building, shipbuilding, construction materials, textiles, foodstuffs and pharmaceuticals industries.
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